Vyoman @saikanomie wrote: ↑Wed Feb 14, 2018 4:24 amNo, GPS alone doesn't work. GPS is ballpark approximation say if two trains are like on the same spot (You need some broad logic to trigger a track check routine). Mostly it is the "Track circuits", that will sense two trains on the same track heading towards each other. Track circuits will scan for RFID or tags or pressure sense under the trains and it would be piece of cake logic to tell disaster to happen miles aheadSingha wrote: ↑Thu Feb 08, 2018 3:07 ampure GPS (10meter) accuracy is not accurate enough for adjoining tracks differentiation. some other means are used.Vyoman @saikanomie wrote: ↑Sun Feb 04, 2018 11:52 pmTrack circuits and GPS based collision detection isn't hard. Wonder why they would not have prevented such collisions. It could be the algorithm learning process that needs to redo the learning, to reduce speed and come to a stop much ahead. Otherwise, I can't think why this happened.
I doubt anyone would want to take chances even with 1m CEP mil-channel GPS.
AGPS gives a much better accuracy and is really not that complicated. It does not require anyone to decode the inbuilt jitter to extract the much more accurate MIL GPS signals
from wiki
Standalone/self-ruling GPS devices depend solely on information from satellites. A-GPS augments that by using cell tower data to enhance quality and precision when in poor satellite signal conditions. In exceptionally poor signal conditions, for example in urban areas, satellite signals may exhibit multipath propagation where signals skip off structures, or are weakened by meteorological conditions or tree canopy. Some standalone GPS navigators used in poor conditions can't fix a position because of satellite signal fracture and must wait for better satellite reception. A GPS unit may need as long as 12.5 minutes (the time needed to download the GPS almanac and ephemerides) to resolve the problem and be able to provide a correct location.[2]
An assisted GPS system can address these problems by using external data. Utilizing this system can come at a cost to the user. For billing purposes, network providers often count this as a data access, which can cost money, depending on the plan.[3]
To be precise, A-GPS features depend mostly on an internet network or connection to an ISP (or CNP, in the case of CP/mobile-phone device linked to a cellular network provider data service). A mobile (cell phone, smart phone) device with just an L1 front-end radio receiver and no GPS acquisition, tracking, and positioning engine only works when it has an internet connection to an ISP/CNP, where the position fix is calculated offboard the device itself. It doesn't work in areas with no coverage or internet link (or nearby BTS towers, in the case on CNP service coverage area). Without one of those resources, it can't connect to the A-GPS servers usually provided by CNPs. On the other hand, a mobile device with a GPS chipset requires no data connection to capture and process GPS data into a position solution, since it receives data directly from the GPS satellites and is able to calculate a position fix itself. However, the availability of a data connection can provide assistance to improve the performance of the GPS chip on the mobile device.
Assistance falls into two categories:
Mobile Station Based (MSB): Information used to acquire satellites more quickly.
It can supply orbital data or almanac for the GPS satellites to the GPS receiver, enabling the GPS receiver to lock to the satellites more rapidly in some cases.
The network can provide precise time.
Mobile Station Assisted (MSA): Calculation of position by the server using information from the GPS receiver.
The device captures a snapshot of the GPS signal, with approximate time, for the server to later process into a position.
The assistance server has a good satellite signal and plentiful computation power, so it can compare fragmentary signals relayed to it.
Accurate, surveyed coordinates for the cell site towers allow better knowledge of local ionospheric conditions and other conditions affecting the GPS signal than the GPS receiver alone, enabling more precise calculation of position.
As an additional benefit, in mobile station assisted implementations, the amount of processing and software required for a GPS receiver can be reduced by offloading most of the work onto the assistance server.
A typical A-GPS-enabled receiver uses a data connection (Internet or other) to contact the assistance server for aGPS information. If it also has functioning autonomous GPS, it may use standalone GPS, which is sometimes slower on time to first fix, but does not depend on the network, and therefore can work beyond network range and without incurring data-usage fees.[3] Some A-GPS devices do not have the option of falling back to standalone or autonomous GPS.
Many mobile phones combine A-GPS and other location services, including Wi-Fi Positioning System and cell-site multilateration and sometimes a hybrid positioning system.[4]
High-Sensitivity GPS is an allied technology that addresses some of these issues in a way that does not require additional infrastructure. However, unlike some forms of A-GPS, high-sensitivity GPS cannot provide a fix instantaneously when the GPS receiver has been off for some time.
Basic concepts
Standalone GPS provides first position in approximately 30–40 seconds. A standalone GPS needs orbital information of the satellites to calculate the current position. The data rate of the satellite signal is only 50 bit/s, so downloading orbital information like ephemerides and the almanac directly from satellites typically takes a long time, and if the satellite signals are lost during the acquisition of this information, it is discarded and the standalone system has to start from scratch. In A-GPS, the network operator deploys an A-GPS server, a cache server for GPS data. These A-GPS servers download the orbital information from the satellite and store it in the database. An A-GPS-capable device can connect to these servers and download this information using mobile-network radio bearers such as GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, LTE or even using other radio bearers such as Wi-Fi. Usually the data rate of these bearers is high, hence downloading orbital information takes less time